The research presents a list of recommendations, including suggestions shared by the engaged audiences, and proposals made by the project team. The latter are based on the analysis of our key findings, and on a wide range of reading materials.

For many of the respondents, respect for Indigenous peoples and their rights may only become a reality in Brazil as a result of continued and massive investment in education, radical changes in the political system, and redress efforts by the State.

As revealed by the Ipsos survey with non-engaged audiences, there is still significant lack of knowledge, and a wide gap separating Indigenous issues from the day-to-day of Brazilian society. Non-engaged audiences also showed antagonism, indifference, and rejection of Indigenous rights. Therefore, in addition to strengthening the role of Indigenous peoples and highlighting their many achievements of recent decades, there also seems to be an urgent need to invest in cultural approximation, intercultural projects, and the development of narratives and proposals for an ancestral future for our country — one understood to be beneficial to all of us.

We have compiled many suggestions related to these and other topics with the aim of presenting multiple potential paths towards our goals, which are urgent and need the support and participation of all of society.

Strengthening Indigenous people participation in political arenas:

Expanding Indigenous participation in Brazil’s political arenas — this was one of the most recurrent suggestions, and is a top priority for the Indigenous movement. In the 2020 local elections, Brazil voted in the largest number ever of Indigenous councillors and mayors. In early 2022, the Articulation of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (Apib) launched the Indigenous Campaign, inviting Indigenous leaders to ‘indigenise politics’. It would be important, therefore, to strengthen Indigenous candidates' political proposals and campaigns, particularly at the regional and local levels, and subsequently support and monitor their work;

Mapping the main lessons learnt and proposals made by Indigenous mayors and councillors in the 2020 elections;

Developing proposals for how non-Indigenous candidates might show support and commitment to Indigenous peoples, prioritising, in 2022, those states with stronger Indigenous organisations, which could monitor them later;

Joênia Wapichana's election as a federal congresswoman was considered a key event in the past decade, and 2022 will be the last year of her term. This could provide opportunities for tributes, special journalistic coverage, public debates, and events with the participation of politicians, Indigenous, and non-Indigenous people in Brazil and overseas, among other activities;

Considering developing an Indigenous version of the Eleitas project — a study and audio-visual series produced by the Update Institute on the role of women as elected officials in Latin America, based on their stories, challenges, and life trajectories;

Assessing whether and how to increase visibility and discussions on projects such as Political Science and Indigenous Peoples, led by the Brazilian Association of Political Science, with the goal of launching a more consistent and systematic dialogue between political scientists building on Canadian and American texts and research.

Strengthening the Indigenous movement's political agenda:

Supporting research on the priorities and needs of Indigenous peoples in Brazil, such as the Indigenous Futures Survey, which is being conducted by IllumiNative in partnership with Native Organizers Alliance in the United States. Research findings could serve as the basis for and become an integral part of a process culminating in a political proposal to be adopted by the next president and governors of Brazil. They could also inform policy reviews, including the National Policy on Climate Change, for example. Additionally, they would provide an answer to the recurring question raised by non-engaged audiences about the wishes and needs of Indigenous peoples;

Building, expanding, or strengthening alliances, and developing common political agendas with other traditional peoples and social movements, such as the quilombolas and the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST); the black movement; other collectives and networks in large cities, such as the Homeless Workers Movement (MTST) and Perifaconnection; and initiatives bringing together religious leaders from different traditions, such as Faith in the Climate. The goal would be to identify how these alliances and agendas could be exercised or extended locally;

Seeking greater inclusion, visibility, and public support for Indigenous rights from organisations that support and implement environmental management projects in Indigenous territories, or that focus on reducing the impacts of agricultural commodities, for example, without correlating or including territorial rights as part of these agendas;

Presenting proposals for the use and management of Indigenous territories and Indigenous rights, and discussing them with non-engaged audiences, as an essential part of the proposals for climate solutions, bioeconomy, forest restoration, and agroecology, among other topics. Demanding more space for these discussions in public institutions, and identifying respected actors with easy access to political and economic stakeholders to facilitate, support, and participate in these processes;

Expanding and strengthening alliances and exchanges between Indigenous women and Indigenous movements in Latin America, especially in countries such as Chile, which has a new president and a new Constitution, and now recognises the country as a ‘regional, plurinational, and intercultural State’; Ecuador, where the Supreme Court has recently ruled that Indigenous peoples have the right to reject oil and mining projects; and Bolivia, with its bien vivir policies;

Bringing Indigenous movements and leaders in Brazil closer to US counterparts, such as the Land Back Movement, which has a political and narrative structure aimed at deepening relations with different segments of society. Despite all socioeconomic differences, some NGO representatives from the United States believe that common agendas could be created, as well as exchanges in the fields of culture and entertainment;

Expanding the production and dissemination of information on the political agenda followed by Indigenous movements in Brazil, with a focus on international audiences, and, when appropriate, customising it for civil society, donors, governments, the private sector, and investors — and going beyond existing partners and the countries already committed to such agenda. These materials should aim not only at keeping allies informed and engaged, ensuring support at critical moments, but could also focus on different ongoing political processes related to climate, human rights, and economic development agendas;

Identifying organisations and B companies that are already investing in climate solutions, for example, so that Indigenous territories might also be considered as key areas and potential beneficiaries of these projects.

Strengthening Indigenous arts, culture, and entertainment:

Supporting the development of a cultural policy proposals for Indigenous peoples in Brazil led by Indigenous artists and cultural producers;

Supporting the creation and strengthening of organisations, structures, and projects led by Indigenous cultural producers, curators, filmmakers, writers, and communicators, as well as exchanges with Indigenous and non-Indigenous agencies and producers in Brazil and overseas;

Supporting the creation and strengthening of fellowships, residencies, and awards for Indigenous artists, filmmakers, thinkers, and writers, complementing and adding to existing initiatives in the country;

Supporting the organisation, digitalisation, storage, and sharing of the Video in the Villages collection, a pioneering project of Indigenous audio-visual production in Brazil;

Supporting training programmes, such as the one recently established by IllumiNative and Netflix, and laboratories that encourage innovation and experimentation with different aesthetic languages and formats, such as animation, entertainment, and comedy shows, and that are not exclusively linked to the climate-environmental agenda;

Supporting the participation of Indigenous producers, filmmakers, writers, curators, and thinkers in national and international calls for projects, fairs, and festivals;

Supporting not only projects, but also medium and long-term partnerships between Indigenous curators/artists with curators and cultural institutions in Brazil and overseas, which might foster changes in their policies, collections, and budgets;

Fostering projects by Indigenous artists at cultural institutions in Brazil and overseas on topics such as identity, memory, ancestrality, coloniality, and interculturality, among others, as has been done in relation to the 1922 Modern Art Week. The 200 years of Brazil's Independence was mentioned as another important landmark;

Expanding projects to produce Indigenous historiographies, or to review collections from Brazilian and international museums, such as the Image Revival project and exhibition at the Parana Museum (MUPA), featuring artists Denilson Baniwa and Gustavo Caboco;

Mapping emerging non-Indigenous artists with different aesthetic languages and in different regions of the country, who are involved or interested in supporting the rights of Indigenous peoples in Brazil.

Strengthening Indigenous science and its agenda:

Developing a proposal for a policy to promote Indigenous science in Brazil, led by Indigenous researchers, listening not only to Indigenous people in academia, but also and especially to Indigenous elders and shamans;

Supporting the development of a survey on Indigenous masters and doctors and their main lines and fields of research, in addition to creating and expanding scholarship opportunities for Indigenous students at undergraduate and graduate levels;

Supporting organisations such as the Brazilian Network of Indigenous Anthropologists (ABIA), which was created to add to the expertiseof Indigenous anthropologists. Non-academic organisations should also be valued, such as the Hiulaya Indigenous Association, which is interested in discussing which diseases should be treated by doctors and nurses, and which by shamans; or the Bahserikowi'i — Centre for Indigenous Medicine, located in Manaus, among many others;

Supporting exchange initiatives for seeds and traditional Indigenous agriculture, environmental management, and Indigenous knowledge, including on climate resilience. In addition, supporting the development of studies focused on the impacts of environmental degradation and climate change, food insecurity, and linguistic erosion and revitalisation in Indigenous territories — not only in the Amazon;

Supporting the expansion of sociocultural projects at traditional knowledge centres, Indigenous territories, and cities, ensuring greater participation and dissemination of these projects in events and scientific projects.

Strengthening science knowledge on Indigenous people in Brazil:

Supporting the development of a proposal for a public policy aimed at promoting Indigenous science in Brazil;

Expanding the dissemination, among non-engaged audiences, of key studies such as Traditional Peoples and Biodiversity in Brazil — Contributions of Indigenous Peoples, Quilombolas and Traditional Communities to Biodiversity, Policies and Threats, and the Scientific Panel for the Amazon's report, which are still little known;

Identifying ways to expand Indigenous participation in organisations such as the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (ABC) and the Brazilian Society for the Progress of Science (SBPC), and to extend initiatives such as the Scientific Panel for the Amazon to other biomes around the country;

Supporting follow-up work on the Brazilian version of the Brazilian Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, as an indication of scientists’ intention to devolve and discuss their findings with Indigenous authors and collaborators;

Fostering intercultural projects for knowledge exchange between Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth and students, both in Brazil and overseas, such as the Creative Climate Connections project, led by Dirty Protest Theatre and People's Palace Projects, which connects young people from Wales and the Xingu Indigenous Park.

Strengthening Indigenous communication and press coverage:

Developing a proposal to democratise Indigenous communication in Brazil;

Supporting stronger Indigenous communication links and networks, such as Rádio Yandê, the first Indigenous web radio in the country, with funding campaigns to cover their costs;

Using the 2022 Brazil Population Census as a hook, supporting the development of research on the main elements of Brazilian identity today;

Encouraging communication agencies to develop campaigns similar to Less Prejudice, More Indigenous, created by the Instituto Socioambiental (ISA), aimed at presenting Indigenous people in contemporary times. These should adopt different aesthetic languages and different formats, engage national celebrities and various segments of society, seek the support of traditional press outlets and digital platforms, and include complementary activities and specific demands;

Developing and testing campaign concepts, adopting emerging narrative elements such as enchantment, healing, and potential futures, as well as broader and more universal campaigns: for Brazil and all Brazilian peoples, and not exclusively focused on Indigenous peoples;

Consulting artists and celebrities who have, in recent years, engaged in acts and campaigns in favour of Indigenous rights on how to deepen and diversify their support in the future;

Supporting a greater presence of Indigenous journalists in the mainstream press, and encouraging partnerships/co-productions of Indigenous filmmakers, communicators, and journalists with traditional and specialised media;

Supporting media education projects aimed at Indigenous peoples, such as the initiative that EducaMídia/Instituto Palavra Aberta has been leading in partnership with Instituto Kabu;

Encouraging increased and improved mainstream press coverage of Indigenous peoples through partnerships with initiatives such as Covering Climate Now, founded in 2019 by Columbia Journalism Review, The Nation, and The Guardian, currently with over 450 partners around the world; and The Oxford Climate Journalism, a new programme by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford, yet to be customised for the Brazilian reality and for specific agendas in the country;

Assessing the possibility of developing or strengthening special projects with UOL, Quebrando o Tabu, and the G1 regional platform, which accounted for most of the coverage of Indigenous issues in the past decade;

Mapping the best opportunities to increase coverage in regional media and to expand partnerships between specialised and traditional regional media;

Supporting the development of international guidelines on topics such as the impacts of commodity supply chains on Indigenous territories, climate litigation, climate loss and damage, climate resilience and adaptation, Indigenous science and knowledge, regenerative economy, potential futures, and decolonial practices;

Developing training programmes on Indigenous peoples for journalism students and journalists. In 2015, the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission released its final report, and 3 of its 92 recommendations were specifically targeted at the media, such as the one suggesting that journalism schools should start offering courses on Indigenous peoples that include Indigenous perspectives on the history of Euro-Canadian relations, Indigenous law, international human rights, and ethics;

Producing best practice guidance, source databases, and other reference materials for journalists, which could be constantly updated, such as those developed by radio and TV journalist Duncan McCue and by Indigenous organisation Native Amazon Operation (Opan).

Producing and using data and technology:

Supporting initiatives led by Indigenous organisations and partners to advance participatory mapping processes, self-demarcation, and identification and responses to data gaps in order to move forward with the demarcation of Indigenous territories;

Mapping the main applications and internet tools used in Indigenous territories on a daily basis and for educational purposes;

Organising Wikipedia edit-a-thons on topics related to Indigenous peoples, both in Portuguese and in English;

Supporting the development of projects in partnership with Wiki Education aimed at Indigenous students, based on a survey of their main needs and uses of internet tools and applications. According to the Ministry of Education's 2015 School Census, 53.5 per cent of Indigenous schools in Brazil did not have access to specific teaching materials;

Assessing the possibility of expanding the Wikipedia Knowledge Equity Fund in Brazil. InternetLab is one of the organisations included in the fund's first funding round, launched by the Wikimedia Foundation in the second half of 2021, with a project aimed at analysing barriers to the participation of black and Indigenous people in knowledge production;

Assessing the possibility of expanding collaboration projects between Indigenous and indigenist/environmentalist organisations to support the generation and/or organisation of data, such as those developed during the pandemic to keep track of how many Indigenous people had COVID-19, and to cover other areas besides health, such as agricultural production/food, education, and environmental management;

Expanding the implementation of the Whose Knowledge project in Brazil, which is aimed at amplifying the internet-based knowledge generated by women, black people, LGBTQIA+ communities, Indigenous peoples, and others from the Global South.

Expanding educational projects for non-Indigenous people:

Supporting proposals by Indigenous educators to strengthen the implementation of Law no. 11645/2008, which makes the study of Indigenous and Afro-Brazilian history and culture mandatory in primary and secondary schools;

Encouraging philanthropic institutions working in the field of education to support educational projects about and for Indigenous peoples, such as the Maxakali's Forest-School-Village proposal, and the Una Shubu Hiwea project, created by Huni Kuin shamans living in Indigenous lands along the Jordão and Upper Tarauacá rivers in the state of Acre, and which brings together shamans and apprentices to share their knowledge, including on the study of plants, the creation of medicinal parks, and the strengthening of traditional medicine and culture;

Producing and distributing educational materials and programmes developed by Indigenous writers and researchers, considering learning from events, extension courses, and live streams, which have become increasingly common in recent years;

Supporting the training of different segments of society, especially political and business leaders, economists, and representatives of the Judiciary, on Indigenous peoples and their rights, as well as on topics such as forest economics, bioeconomy, forest restoration, regenerative agriculture, and climate solutions.

Expanding the visibility of Indigenous games:

Encouraging theorganisation of Indigenous games in different regions of the country and expanding the dissemination, coverage, and hosting of socio-educational activities during those games that are already part of the official calendar of cities around the country.

Expanding events, the understanding in Brazil of the international visibility, and using other key dates:

Organising, in addition to protests and political advocacy agendas, cultural and educational events led by Indigenous artists and thinkers, open and aimed at the general public during the Indigenous April celebrations in Brasília. Reproducing or developing regional and local versions of these events throughout the month and throughout the year, both face-to-face and online. Seeking to promote partnerships with Culture and Education departments, supporters, influencers, and digital platforms;

Organising events in Brazil with relevant actors and international partners to give greater visibility to the importance of Indigenous peoples in the climate-environmental agenda, especially around climate conferences, or after such events.

Expanding, updating, and democratising the use of images of Indigenous peoples:

Developing a Creative Commons image bank about Indigenous peoples in Brazil, such as the Climate Visuals programme and TED Countdown, which launched a free image collection focused on climate solutions around the world;

Fostering the creation of a communication agency led by Indigenous photographers, not only aimed at facilitating the hiring of professionals in Brazil, but also at training and promoting good practices in newsrooms. In 2018, the Indigenous Photograph initiative was launched in the United States with the goal of ‘supporting the media industry in hiring more Indigenous photographers to tell the stories of their communities and to reflect on how those stories could be told beyond clichéd, one-dimensional, and insensitive portrayals of Native Americans’.

Expanding actions in favour of Indigenous rights and supporting the fight against the violation of such rights:

Encouraging the creation of support and protection networks to denounce and deal with violence and racism, such as the one recently formed by the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the North of Minas Gerais, and the Network of Indigenous Peoples and Organisations of the Northeast, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo (Apoinme), with the participation of different public institutions, such as State Secretariats for Education and the Prosecution Service;

Expanding training opportunities and establishing Indigenous rights centres led by Indigenous lawyers at law schools;

Preparing an international proposal to fight racism against Indigenous peoples on social networks to be discussed and presented to government bodies, such as the Federal Prosecution Service in Brazil, and to digital media platforms;

Exploring the possibility of moving forward with an Indigenous Truth Commission in Brazil, albeit symbolic and not conducted by the State at this stage;

Assessing the possibility of developing projects similar to Memory of the Earth, Archeology of Violence, which merged different data and methodologies, such as interviews with Indigenous leaders, extensive bibliographic and documentary research, and of satellite images to investigate and support the Federal Prosecution Service in obtaining compensation for material and moral damages to the Xavante and Marãiwatsédé peoples for their forced eviction from their original territories in 1966.

Expanding Indigenous voices and incorporating new supporters:

Increasing the visibility and agendas of regional Indigenous organisations and Indigenous leaders across the country, with special attention to Indigenous people in transit, in conflict situations, and in large cities;

Organising political training programmes for digital influencers and companies that may be acting as agents for Indigenous influencers;

Fostering opportunities to expand Indigenous participation in projects with YouTube Creators and TikTok, testing the inclusion of voices and content from Indigenous leaders and organisations on LinkedIn, and expanding the presence of Indigenous leaders and institutions on Twitter, while increasing Indigenous participation in initiatives aimed at regulating digital social networks and fighting disinformation;

Customising the production of content about Indigenous peoples for digital influencers linked to other popular and apparently distant topics in Brazil, such as financial investment for the future.